No need for tension about tenses
Someone probably told you once about the sequence of tenses—how the tense of the verb in a main clause dictates the tense of the verb in a subordinate clause. This is of particular concern to journalists because they must write reported speech so frequently. So:
Past tense main verb/past tense subordinate verb: She said she knew who put the overalls in Mrs. Murphy’s chowder.
Present tense main verb/present tense subordinate verb: She says she knows who put the overalls in Mrs. Murphy’s chowder.
Past tense main verb/conditional subordinate verb: She said she would give her regards to Broadway.
Present tense main verb/future tense subordinate verb: She says she will give her regards to Broadway.
Present tense main verb/present perfect subordinate verb: He says he has had a hot time in the old town tonight.
Past tense main verb/past perfect subordinate verb: He said he had had a hot time in the old town that night.
On Twitter, @guardianstyle has recently been ringing some of these changes, but one instance demands a quibble:
Reported speech (1) - She said "I like chocolate" (present tense) becomes in reported speech "she said she LIKED chocolate"
The exception to past/past sequence is the statement that is continuing or perpetually true. Thus, she said she liked chocolate could be understood to mean that she liked chocolate as a child but lost her taste for it as an adult. She said she likes chocolate means that her taste for it continues into the present.
Also, don’t get your feet tangled in infinitives when you have past-tense verbs. Write she would have liked to waltz around again with Willie, not she would have liked to have waltzed around again with Willie.







Comments
Fair enough. Although in the case of someone who had lost her taste for chocolate, it would be clearer to write "the said she used to like chocolate" rather than "she said she liked chocolate".
Posted by: David Marsh | October 20, 2010 10:30 AM
Fair enough. Although in the case of someone who had lost her taste for chocolate, it would be clearer to write "the said she used to like chocolate" rather than "she said she liked chocolate".
Posted by: David Marsh | October 20, 2010 10:30 AM
Of course the person who put the overalls in Mrs. Murphy's chowder was ... Mrs. Murphy. It all comes of using the same pot for both cooking and laundry.
Posted by: John Cowan | October 20, 2010 10:59 AM
Thank you, Mr. Cowan, for the revelatory comment, and also for not disparaging my tastes in popular music.
Posted by: John McIntyre | October 20, 2010 11:11 AM
One quick quibble - "She said I like chocolate" means I like it, not she.
Posted by: The Ridger | October 20, 2010 1:01 PM
@David Marsh -- I think you just illustrated the difference between the preterite and imperfect (as far as Spanish goes, anyway). :-)
Posted by: mike | October 20, 2010 1:23 PM
Ridger, it's a fair cop. I've revised accordingly.
Posted by: John McIntyre | October 20, 2010 1:52 PM
The McIntyre likes 'popular' music? I am shocked and dismayed that he admits it.
Posted by: Patricia the Terse | October 20, 2010 6:34 PM
"The exception to past/past sequence is the statement that is continuing or perpetually true."
Um, I think that should be an exception. If things are clearly in the present, they can be reported as such. "I couldn't quite hear, what did she say?" "She said she will give her regards to Broadway." The reporting in this case is not actually referring to the past but to the present, even though the reporting verb has to be in the past tense. It's the "What did she tell you (behind that door you have closed)?" that makes the classic tense relationship necessary.
Douglas Adams had something so say along these lines, that the main problem with time travel was not going to be that of becoming your own grandfather (which is something "any well adjusted family could deal with"), but grammar.
Posted by: John Ross | October 20, 2010 9:11 PM
P the T, Prof. McI's definition of "popular music" might be different from yours or mine.
Posted by: Dahlink | October 21, 2010 3:07 PM
Speaking of tenses, parse this one: "Is you is, or is you ain't, my baby?"!
Posted by: Patricia the Terse | October 21, 2010 6:44 PM
Great song allusion, P the T, but doesn't the answer depend on what your definition of "is" is?
Posted by: Tim | October 21, 2010 7:27 PM
Not a bit, Timothaeus. I don't let political antics influence my grammar. Also, I see this text as poetic license. And I know what "is" means. Also was and will (or shall). I'm trying to recall who asked that musical question, although I can well imagine Jimmy Durante pulling it off.
Posted by: Patricia the Terse | October 22, 2010 1:26 AM
Not at all, Timothaeus. I know what "is" means, and also "was" and "will" or "shall." I don't allow political antics to dictate my grammar. I am trying to recall who originally asked the musical question, but I can well imagine Jimmy Durante putting that song over. (Ha cha cha cha!)
Posted by: Patricia the Terse | October 22, 2010 1:30 AM
Culpae for the double entry. The bloody verification do-hickey accepted the first, while telling me I hadn't answered their arcane question correctly.
Posted by: Patricia the Terse | October 22, 2010 1:33 AM
What about "she would like to have waltzed"?
Either of your sentences suggests that the liking is hypothetical, when it is probably the possibility of waltzing that is hypothetical.
(BTW, please point out to your Webpersons how insanely many sources of Javascript your readers must enable in order to comment here.)
Posted by: anon | October 22, 2010 9:28 AM
P the T, I never doubted your grasp of the meaning of the word "is". My attempted rhetorical flourish apparently fell flat.
As for the song itself, Billy Austin and Louis Jordan wrote "Is You Is or Is You Ain't My Baby". It was a hit for Jordan, reaching number one even though it was originally released as the B-side. I personally like Nat King Cole's version best.
This song, Jordan, Cole, and similar mid 20th c. songs, musicians and singers fall in the broad category of American popular music. The best of all American popular music singers is, of course, Bing Crosby, but he is followed closely by Doris Day, Nat King Cole and David Bowie. I brook no dissent from this ranking.
Posted by: Tim | October 22, 2010 11:00 AM
You have something against Mr Sinatra,Mr Darren, et alii? And Mr Bowie is not in my musical lexicon. Thank you for finding out who wrote "Is you is..."
Posted by: Patricia the Terse | October 22, 2010 5:47 PM
I have nothing against Mr. Darren, et al. There are many fine singers in that class. Mr. Sinatra, though, is over-rated; ok at phrasing but wobbly on the staying on the right notes. Of the three Rat Pack singers, he comes in a distant third.
Posted by: Tim | October 22, 2010 6:09 PM
Mr Sinatra had a great ear and a strong sense of pitch.The later recordings merely reflect time and age, but the musicianship is still there. I don't know who you'd place at 1 and 2, but no one - ever - put over a song better. Had he had different training and coaching, he might have found a career in opera - he was a strong actor as well.
Posted by: Patricia the Terse | October 23, 2010 1:48 AM
Uh, Tim, I don't think David Bowie can claim U.S. citizenship. But you were pulling our collective leg--right?
Posted by: Dahlink | October 23, 2010 11:37 AM
Good catch, Dahlink, you're right. Bowie is not in the category of American pop singers. As for otherwise pulling your legs, no; I did not mean to confine myself to one time period when classifiying popular music. Bing thought highly of Bowie as a popular singer, and so I count myself in good company in sharing that opinion.
Check out Bing and Bowie's Christmas duet on youtube sometime.
Posted by: Tim | October 23, 2010 12:58 PM