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June 27, 2010

Baltimore's incredible shrinking rape total

In today's Sun, we explore a troubling trend in sexual assault investigations in Baltimore: The city has for the past four years recorded the highest percentage of rape cases that officers conclude are false or baseless of any city in the country, with more than 30 percent of the cases investigated by detectives each year deemed unfounded.

But the problem in Baltimore may go even deeper. In four of 10 emergency calls that come to police for rapes, officers conclude that there is no need for a further review, so the case never makes it to detectives – a proportion that experts say is disturbingly high.

The increase in unfounded cases comes as the number of total rapes reported by Baltimore police has plunged - from 684 in 1995 to 158 last year, a decline of nearly 80 percent. Nationally, FBI reports show rapes have fallen 8 percent over the same time frame. We're one of five cities that record more homicides than rapes; most peer cities have a ratio of three to five rapes per homicide.

Police initially brushed off our findings, and the commander of the sex offense unit dismissed the high number of cases by saying, "We have a lot of people that are engaged in sexual activity in this city." He also said that the city's various services for women and victims led women to make up stories to take advantage of them.

In an attempt to solicit a more comprehensive response, I submitted various statistics to one of the mayor's aides. As the story was being finalized, I received an unsolicited three-paragraph statement from Mayor Stephanie Rawlings-Blake, saying the data showed a "critical need" to review department policies. She said the police commissioner assured her that a full-scale audit would be conducted and she convened an existing task force to study the issue.

In many ways the story raises more questions than it is able to answer. The numbers were so jarring that, coupled with anecdotes from people engaged with victims and a review of dozens of incident reports, they warranted a long look. But serious questions remain about the number of cases unfounded in the field by patrol officers - or how many are recorded as other, lesser crimes.

Some officers told me privately that the many of the "unfounded" 911 calls are false but are just not being "coded" - or classified - correctly. Experts including the former head of sex offense investigations in San Diego said that was essentially impossible. As for the investigations by detectives, is it possible, as current and former officers said, that they simply do a better job investigating than their counterparts in other cities and face a far different class of alleged victims? The comprehensive audit may generate answers.

Posted by Justin Fenton at 8:10 AM | | Comments (5)
Categories: City Hall, Top brass
        

Comments

This is related to other "coding issues." My house was broken in to last summer. My neighbors noticed and called the police (I was not home). The officers who responded browbeat my neighbors then concluded that I must have been drunk and left my door unlocked (my neighbors told them I neither drink nor ever leave my door unlocked). I followed up with other officers when I got home. I was told it was a breaking and entering.

When I got a copy of the report, it was listed as a door left open, despite a punched out screen.

So, when, a few months later, I was sexually assaulted in the city, do you think I called the police? I'm not stupid, and I didn't want to be belittled, insulted and browbeaten again, so I did not.

How do you think the Police Commissioner continues to talk about crime reduction under his watch?

When the Department hada downgrading problem in the 60's, the solution, that worked well into the 80's, was to take some of the discretion from Patrol. It worked like this: A victim/complainant would call and the phone was answered by a trained civilian call clerk. That clerk would make the determination as to what type of incident was being reported, assign a unique number to it and sent it to the dispatcher. Once the call clerk coded the incident, it could not be changed and if it was a part one or any number of other specified incidents, the patrol officer was required to write a report. The report and the original card completed by the clerk were then matched up my the civilian Staff Review and if the call clerk had coded a sex offense, the officer's report would have to cover that. Eliminating the reporting requirements saved officers a lot of time and work but opened the door to sloppy investigations.

"the commander of the sex offense unit dismissed the high number of cases by saying, "We have a lot of people that are engaged in sexual activity in this city." He also said that the city's various services for women and victims led women to make up stories to take advantage of them. "

If this is how the commander of the sex offense unit responds, it is a wonder than any rapes are reported. These comments are, at best, inane and, at worst, insensitive. They surely should not be comments made by someone overseeing sex crimes for the police department. I'm appalled!

I'll repost my comment and links from the Sun boards if you will let me.

Depending on what studies you believe, anywhere from 8 to 40 percent of all claims of rape are false.

The 2 percent figure was given by Brownmiller back in the early 1970's and was not based on any kind of study. It's been quoted in many legal papers as if it was some sort of established fact, but if one traces it back, it really is baseless as this law review paper proves.

Here is a good overvview of false rape claims:

http://www.slate.com/id/2231012

Here, Brownmiller seemingly defends her "statistic":
http://www.anandaanswers.com/pages/naaRefute.html
But as you can see from this :
http://llr.lls.edu/volumes/v33-issue3/greer.pdf
*an Adobe PDF file*

She's almost certainly wrong.

So what conclusions can be reasonably drawn from all this?
A. The 2 percent rate is history. False accusations of rape occur at least 3, and perhaps as many as 10 times as often, throwing out most of the outlier "higher rate" studies.
B. For years, Brownmiller has been quoted as THE authority by a group of people who had political, personal, and financial reasons to never fact-check her. I'm not going to get on the feminists too much though. Most of the reason in my opinion was intellectual laziness NOT deliberate indifference to the possibility of men being falsely accused. Some exceptions such as uber feminist blogger/former Edwards Campaign blogger Amanda Marcotte duly noted. And such laziness occurs among all large political groups such as Tea baggers and socialists.
C. Since false accusations remain a very real possibility , I urge the Mayor to make sure more cases are forwarded to detectives for investigation but not to in ANY WAY try to politically force "more convictions".

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About Peter Hermann
Peter Hermann started covering news for The Baltimore Sun in 1990, first in Anne Arundel County and, starting in 1994, reporting on the Baltimore Police Department. In 2001, he was assigned to Jerusalem as the Baltimore Sun's Middle East correspondent. He returned in 2005 as an assistant city editor overseeing crime coverage. In 2008, Peter returned to the beat as a daily reporter and blogger. A recent BBC report featured him in a segment on the harsh realities of covering crime in Baltimore.

Coverage will focus on crime trends, problems in neighborhoods in the city and elsewhere, profiles of victims and police officers and try to offer readers a fresh perspective on one of the most vexing issues facing Baltimore and its future.



Contributing to this blog is Justin Fenton, who joined The Sun in 2005 and has covered the Baltimore City Police Department and the criminal justice system since 2008. His work includes an investigation into Cal Ripken Jr.’s minor league baseball stadium deal with his hometown of Aberdeen, a three-part series chronicling a ruthless con woman, coverage of the killing of five Amish children at a schoolhouse in Nickel Mines, Pa., and a job swap with a British crime reporter to explore differences in crime-fighting. A special report looking into how city police handle rape cases led to sweeping reforms that changed the way sexual assaults are investigated in Baltimore. He was recognized as the best reporter in Baltimore by the City Paper in 2010 and by Baltimore Magazine in 2011.
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