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March 1, 2008

McMansions: future slums?

Christopher B. Leinberger, a developer and a visiting fellow at the Brookings Institution in Washington, has a piece in the March Atlantic Monthly arguing that the decline that hit cities in the mid-20th century is now beginning to be felt elsewhere -- the suburban and semi-rural swaths of large-lot homes.

As urban cores continue to regain their popularity thanks to convenience and walkability, "many low-density suburbs and McMansion subdivisions, including some that are lovely and affluent today, may become what inner cities became in the 1960s and ’70s—slums characterized by poverty, crime, and decay," Leinberger predicts. He offers as examples communities in North Carolina, California and Florida, where rising crime and vacancies are going hand in hand.

He acknowledges that subprime lending played a role but says other factors are at work:

Arthur C. Nelson, director of the Metropolitan Institute at Virginia Tech, has looked carefully at trends in American demographics, construction, house prices, and consumer preferences. In 2006, using recent consumer research, housing supply data, and population growth rates, he modeled future demand for various types of housing. The results were bracing: Nelson forecasts a likely surplus of 22 million large-lot homes (houses built on a sixth of an acre or more) by 2025—that’s roughly 40 percent of the large-lot homes in existence today.

I'd be interested to hear what you all think -- and if you believe his piece holds a warning for the Baltimore metro area. Pretty much all of the developed part of western Howard County, for instance, is large-lot housing, and there are McMansions in suburban counties across Maryland. The zoning in such communities has prevented anything else.

On the other hand, the Baltimore suburbs don't have a lot of raw land left. That's caused some hand-wringing that the future will bring too few houses of all types rather than too many, at least without significant redevelopment of vacant houses and land in Baltimore City.

So chime in: What do you think of Leinberger's argument?

Posted by Jamie Smith Hopkins at 1:20 PM | | Comments (9)
        

Comments

While I agree with the premise that today's ex-urban and far flung suburbs are not sustainable, I think this prediction ignores the basic fact of why people who are poor are concentrated in the city: they can walk (or ride the bus) to basic services such as the corner/grocery store, health clinic or jobs. How exactly would the poor meet these basic needs in today's subdivisions since you have to drive to get anywhere? Especially as gasoline gets more expensive, these outlying neighborhoods would have nothing to offer the poor.

I agree ... the argument is interesting, but there is no way the poor can easily move out to Howard County McMansions, where a car is needed for pretty much everything.

I would say the communities that are likely to become slums before the McMansions of Harford, Howard and Carroll Counties are the older subburbs of Parkville, Glen Burnie, Pikesville, etc... These areas have aging housing stocks, small lots, and are accessible to public transportation.

I often think American Cities will become like European Cities. We will have a wealthy central city, that is ringed by slums with county estates beyond.

Density of the outer areas may increase because those who bought the houses will no longer be able to afford them, so the units will be subdivided into apartments to pay the mortgage--certainly much to the chagrin of the neighborhood association.

Future living patterns may depend on how densely people are willing to live within a single unit in lower density development versus fewer people living in a unit in a densely developed area (possibly with more social disorder) like Baltimore. I suspect the future will be a combination of the two.

Interesting points, folks. Robert, I thought you might like to read this report by UMBC researchers in 2005, "The State of the Inner Suburbs." It points out that "household income is declining; the population is shrinking and aging; and the infrastructure is weakening."

I suspect half of America to be a slum in the next 50 to 100 years as the middle class is systematically destroyed.

The one county that I think is going to be most affected by the changing demographics in the inner subburbs is Montgomery County. Gone are the days when Monty County was filled with upper income government workers. Increasingly, that county is become third world. Both in the sense that many of the residents of that county are increasingly from the third world, but also in the sense that its income stratification will resemble that of the third world in which there will be a small population of the rich elite and a large population of the poor. The upper middle class that made turned Montgomery County into a desireable suburb know for good schools and good government will leave in favor of the Frederick, Carroll and Howard Counties.

I should take a look at the original, but I suspect a strong dash of wishful thinking from the kind of right-thinking people who've never liked suburbs anyway.

That is of course possible! We'll just have to wait and see.

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About Jamie Smith Hopkins
Jamie Smith Hopkins, a Baltimore Sun reporter since 1999, writes about the regional economy. Her reporting on the housing market has won national and local awards. Hopkins is a Columbia native and has lived in Maryland all her life, save for 10 months spent covering schools in Ames, Iowa.
She trained to become a wonk by spending large chunks of time as a geek and an insufferable know-it-all.
Baltimore Sun articles by Jamie
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